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Triple Sugar Iron (TSI) Agar

Blood Agar Base

Triple Sugar Iron (TSI) Agar

Attributes

  • product-brand: Biolab

Triple Sugar Iron (TSI) Agar – BioLab

Triple Sugar Iron (TSI) Agar is a biochemical, semi-solid differential medium used for the identification and differentiation of Gram-negative enteric bacteria, especially those belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family. This product is manufactured by BioLab and exclusively imported and distributed in Iran by Fardad Azma Rad Co.

TSI Agar is designed to detect carbohydrate fermentation, gas production, and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) formation.

Key Features and Composition:

  • Glucose:
    A simple sugar that is typically the first to be fermented by bacteria; fermentation leads to acid production and color change in the butt (bottom) of the medium.

  • Sucrose and Lactose:
    Additional fermentable sugars that help distinguish between organisms based on their ability to ferment one, both, or neither; acid production changes the slant color.

  • Iron (Ferric Ammonium Citrate):
    Serves as an indicator for H₂S production; when H₂S is produced, it reacts with iron to form black precipitates in the medium.

  • Peptone and Beef Extract:
    Provide nitrogen and nutrients; if proteins are utilized instead of sugars, the medium becomes alkaline, especially on the slant.

  • Agar:
    Acts as the solidifying agent, allowing for the observation of both aerobic and anaerobic metabolic reactions within the same tube.

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Main Applications of TSI Agar

  1. Sugar Fermentation: TSI medium is used to identify the fermentation of three different sugars (glucose, sucrose, and lactose). Some bacteria can only ferment glucose, while others can ferment both glucose, sucrose, and lactose simultaneously. The fermentation of these sugars results in acid production and a color change of the medium to yellow.

  2. Gas Production: Some bacteria produce gas during fermentation. This gas typically appears as bubbles in the medium and can cause displacement of the tube in the culture medium.

  3. Hydrogen Sulfide (H₂S) Production: Some bacteria, such as Salmonella, are capable of producing H₂S, which reacts with iron in the medium to form a black precipitate. This feature is particularly useful in identifying gram-negative enteric bacteria.

  4. Ammonia Production Detection: If bacteria are capable of breaking down proteins, ammonia production leads to an increase in pH, resulting in the color of the medium changing from yellow to red.

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